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Joint and Individual Variations of Sleep, Physical Activity and Circadian Rhythmicity Features in CoLaus Study (310031)

There is now growing evidence from dysregulation of sleep (SL), physical activity (PA) and/or circadian rhythms (CR) in people with major depression (MDD). However, few studies of large population cohorts have examined associations between the full range of features that can be derived from actigraphy. Here, we examine the interaction and inter-correlations among the three major domains (SL, PA and CR) extracted from actigraphy using a machine learning approach to quantify their joint and individual variation. The sample included 2317 participants from the CoLaus study, a prospective cohort study from the general population of Lausanne, Switzerland. Clinical diagnoses were obtained through a comprehensive diagnostic interview to ascertain lifetime history of mood and other disorders. There are a total of 1153 people with MDD and 1164 with no history of MDD. The mean age is 61.79 years (range: 45 to 86 years), and 54.42% of participants are female. Features of SL, PA and CR were assessed from using Actigraphy collected with a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer for an average of 12 days. JIVE (joint and individual variation explained) method was applied to derive the joint and individual variance of the features in SL, PA and CR. Findings indicate that the greater amount of joint variation was explained by PA and lower amounts by SL and CR. Regression analyses of the JIVE components show that participants with MDD differed significantly from controls on the first and second joint JIVE scores, but not on the individual JIVE scores. These results demonstrate how the JIVE method enabled us to examine the joint and individual components of the actigraphy domains of SL, PA, and CR. JIVE regression allowed us to separate domain-specific sources of variability while addressing possible multicollinearity. We show that MDD was strongly associated with joint JIVE scores for the three domains that have been the focus of most prior research in the field.