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Activity Number: 243 - Contributed Poster Presentations: Biopharmaceutical Section
Type: Contributed
Date/Time: Monday, July 31, 2017 : 2:00 PM to 3:50 PM
Sponsor: Biopharmaceutical Section
Abstract #322633
Title: Generalized Youden's Index to Derive the Optimal Thresholds for Discriminant Analysis
Author(s): Kelly H. Zou* and Ching-Ray Yu and Jason Pan and Dhaval Patel and Martin Carlsson
Companies: Pfizer Inc and Pfizer Inc and Pfizer Inc and Pfizer Inc and Pfizer Inc
Keywords: Generalized Youden's Index ; Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve ; Classification ; Discriminant Analysis ; Sensitivity ; Specificity
Abstract:

It is important to develop classification methods and predictive modeling when there is significant sample size balance and heterogeneity between two or more classes. A useful method for deriving the optimal threshold is based on the Youden's index (YI), which is a function of the sensitivity (the true positive fraction) and specificity (the negative positive fraction) against a binary gold standard. In this research, a generalized YI, called the GYI, is proposed to account for the following, respectively: (1) Unequal sample sizes, e.g., those of two groups based on a gold standard; (2) Multiple ordinal classes, e.g., order-restricted groups (e.g., monotherapy vs. combination therapy or placebo vs. higher dose levels); (3) Multiple nominal classes, e.g., different competing therapies. The GYI may be estimated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, which helps derive optimal thresholds for discriminant purposes. We illustrate the GYI estimates using existing data from the literature, under the normality or alternative assumptions. Monte-Carlo simulations are performed to compare their performance.


Authors who are presenting talks have a * after their name.

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