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Abstract:
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Prior studies have identified health disparities in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults, but previous research has been limited in size and scope. Ongoing international debate surrounding same-sex marriage requires a closer examination on how marriage influences LGB health. Data from the 2013-2014 National Health Interview Survey were used to compare mental health and health behaviors among a nationally representative sample of LGB adults (n=1,664) aged 18 years and older and their heterosexual peers (n=67,152). Compared to heterosexual adults in the US, self-identified LGB adults reported elevated odds of moderate to severe psychological distress, heavy alcohol consumption, and current cigarette use (including smoking ? 20 cigarettes per day) after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Differences in mental health and substance use diminished when stratifying adults who were married. Health care providers should anticipate health differentials when providing care to sexual minority patients. Findings from this study also provide early evidence supporting same-sex marriage as a non-medical policy intervention for improving health outcomes in LGB adults.
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