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Activity Number: 227
Type: Invited
Date/Time: Monday, August 10, 2015 : 2:00 PM to 3:50 PM
Sponsor: Health Policy Statistics Section
Abstract #314218 View Presentation
Title: Methods for Comparative Effectiveness Analyses in a High-Dimensional Covariate Space with Few Events
Author(s): Jessica Myers Franklin* and Wesley Eddings and Peter Austin and Elizabeth Stuart and Robert Glynn and Sebastian Schneeweiss
Companies: Brigham and Women's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Brigham and Women's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital
Keywords: epidemiology ; propensity score ; causal inference ; comparative effectiveness ; simulation ; patient-centered
Abstract:

Nonrandomized studies of comparative effectiveness and safety evaluate treatments as used in routine care by diverse patient populations and are therefore critical for producing the information necessary to making patient-centered treatment decisions. Most nonrandomized studies based on electronic health care data use a propensity score (PS) to control hundreds of measured covariates and to estimate the causal effect of treatment. Even in large studies, high-dimensional confounder control can lead to problems in causal inference due to unstable estimation of the PS model or inappropriate use of observations with extreme PS values. However, in studies with few outcome events, each observed event is highly influential, and potential problems are exacerbated. We used a novel "plasmode" simulation framework to evaluate and improve methods for estimation of high-dimensional PS models and estimation of treatment effects controlling for the PS when there are few observed outcome events. Plasmode creates realistic simulated datasets with hundreds or thousands of potential covariates based on an observed cohort study. Methods were also evaluated in 3 real comparative effectiveness studies.


Authors who are presenting talks have a * after their name.

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