JSM 2011 Online Program

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Abstract Details

Activity Number: 478
Type: Contributed
Date/Time: Wednesday, August 3, 2011 : 8:30 AM to 10:20 AM
Sponsor: Section on Statistics and the Environment
Abstract - #302594
Title: Multipollutant Accountability Research Using Principal Stratification
Author(s): Corwin Zigler*+ and Francesca Dominici
Companies: Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard School of Public Health
Address: , , MA, 02115,
Keywords: Accountability research ; Causal inference ; Principal stratification ; Spatial statistics ; Regulation policy
Abstract:

Quantifying health effects of actions taken to improve air quality is challenging for large-scale regulations meant to improve air quality and health over a long period of time and over large geographical areas. We propose a potential-outcomes framework for accountability research that adopts ideas rooted in principal stratification to stratify areas based on the estimated causal effect of an air-quality regulation on ambient air pollution and assess the causal effect of the regulation on health outcomes within these strata. Because regulations may affect concentrations of many interrelated pollutants, we extend the use of principal stratification to a multipollutant approach that accommodates a continuously-scaled multivariate intermediate response vector. Furthermore, we make use of recent advancements in hierarchical modeling for point-referenced spatial data to capitalize on information contained in the geographic locations of the pollution measurement sites. Insofar as these methods rely on unobserved potential outcomes, they rely on assumptions regarding associations not identified based on observed data, indicating the importance of sensitivity analyses.


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