JSM 2005 - Toronto

Abstract #302359

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Legend: = Applied Session, = Theme Session, = Presenter
Activity Number: 382
Type: Invited
Date/Time: Wednesday, August 10, 2005 : 10:30 AM to 12:20 PM
Sponsor: Biometrics Section
Abstract - #302359
Title: An Overview of Statistical Approaches to Assessing Chemical Exposures
Author(s): Stephen M. Rappaport*+
Companies: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Address: School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7431, USA
Keywords: chemical exposures ; mixed models ; exposure assessment ; sampling strategies ; epidemiology
Abstract:

Workers and members of the public are exposed to toxic airborne chemicals. Because air levels vary greatly both within and between persons in a given group (e.g., job or city), it is difficult to assess the levels of exposure for either epidemiological studies or hazard control. This has led to applications of mixed models to characterize exposures. These models employ fixed group and covariate effects to define general determinants of exposure and include random person and error effects to define inter- and intra-individual sources of variability. The fixed effects and variance components estimated under these models can be used to identify unacceptable levels of exposure, optimize control options, investigate exposure-response relationships, and consider measurement error effects. The evolution of these models during the last two decades has greatly improved our ability to make valid inferences about chemical exposures and their consequences to public health. Several applications will be discussed, including an integrated strategy for assessing and controlling exposures in the workplace and designing epidemiological studies of community exposures.

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Revised March 2005