JSM 2005 - Toronto

Abstract #302910

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Activity Number: 187
Type: Contributed
Date/Time: Monday, August 8, 2005 : 2:00 PM to 3:50 PM
Sponsor: Biometrics Section
Abstract - #302910
Title: A Cost-effective Design for Longitudinal or Cluster Studies
Author(s): Yajun Mei*+ and Sarah Holte
Companies: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Address: 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
Keywords: optimal design ; cost function ; intra-class correlation ; sample size ; clinical trials
Abstract:

In the design of longitudinal studies or clustered randomized trials, investigators often must make a difficult choice between a large number of subjects and a small number of repeated measurements per subject, or vice versa. Unfortunately, this problem often has been neglected in the literature. For example, in their famous book on longitudinal data analysis, Diggle, Heagerty, Liang, and Zeger (2002) claimed that for a given total cost, the investigator may be free to choose any design. However, designs with different combinations have different statistical properties and we should choose the design that leads to the best statistical properties. In this paper, we derive the optimal design of a balanced or unbalanced two-group comparison study with continuous or binary responses with the goal of optimizing the tradeoff between the total cost and statistical properties of the study. Surprisingly, the optimal value for the number of repeated measurements only depends on the within-subject correlation and the cost of recruiting a subject relative to the cost of taking a measurement. Applications of our results are illustrated with HIV viral set point and group randomized trials.

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Revised March 2005