JSM 2005 - Toronto

Abstract #302284

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Legend: = Applied Session, = Theme Session, = Presenter
Activity Number: 251
Type: Invited
Date/Time: Tuesday, August 9, 2005 : 10:30 AM to 12:20 PM
Sponsor: General Methodology
Abstract - #302284
Title: Causal Effects in Fetal Toxicology
Author(s): Michael R. Elliott*+
Companies: University of Pennsylvania
Address: Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA
Keywords: Principal strata ; Counterfactual ; Mouse fetus
Abstract:

In investigating the causal effect of a toxin in fetal toxicology studies in a counterfactual framework, we want to restrict consideration of the effect of dose on birthweight or malformation status to the subset of fetuses that would be born alive under the set of doses in question. Additionally, a toxin may affect both birthweight and malformation status of fetuses (Sammel et al. 1997, Dunson et al. 2003), so that the direct effect of a toxin on birthweight may be confounded by the effect of the toxin on the number of fetuses that implant and are carried to term, since the resources available to the fetus may be different under different doses of toxins. Use of a principal stratum model (Frangakis et al. 2004) that considers the survival status of fetuses under different doses of a toxin can account for both of these forms of selection that may result from utilizing the observed data rather than the "complete" (counterfactual) data. This model also addresses issues of incorporating post-randomization observations in a principal stratum framework.

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Revised March 2005