Abstract #300406

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JSM 2003 Abstract #300406
Activity Number: 177
Type: Contributed
Date/Time: Monday, August 4, 2003 : 2:00 PM to 3:50 PM
Sponsor: Section on Statistics in Epidemiology
Abstract - #300406
Title: Conditional Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves for Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy in Matched Case-Control Studies
Author(s): Aiyi Liu*+ and Enrique F. Schisterman and Kai Fun Yu
Companies: NIH and National Institutes of Health and National Institutes of Health
Address: 7820 Lakeland Valley Dr., Springfield, VA, 22153-4105,
Keywords: specificity ; conditional sensitivity ; Mann-Whitney statistic ; correlation ; bias ; sign test statistic
Abstract:

We consider evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of a biomarker with matched case-control samples. We demonstrate that correlation among the matched samples may have substantial impact on the statistical inference on the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the biomarker. In particuar, we show that the usual Mann-Whitney statistic as an estimator of the area under the ROC curve is biased, and then construct an unbiased estimator. We comment on the use of the conventional ROC curves and suggest using a new concept, the conditional ROC curve, to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a biomarker in the presence of matched case-control samples. We further show that the area under the conditional ROC curve can be estimated by the popular sign test statistic.

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