Patient and Clinical Features of Pediatric Brain Tumor Survival in the US: Epidemiological Evidence from Four Decades of Population Data

• Activity Number: 442 - Disease Prediction, Statistical Methods for Genetic Epidemiology and Mis
• Type: Contributed
• Date/Time: Thursday, August 12, 2021 : 4:00 PM to 5:50 PM
• Sponsor: Section on Statistics in Epidemiology
• Author(s): Saira Khan* and Wendi Xiao and Maliha Tayeb and Jobayer Hossain
• Companies: University of Delaware and Nemours Children's Health System and University of Pittsburg and Nemours Children's Health System
• Keywords: pediatric brain tumors; survival; population-based data; hetrogeneity; prognostic factors; SEER

Abstract

Prognostic risk factors for pediatric brain tumors were examined using a U.S. SEER population-based cohort of 15,723 pediatric brain tumor patients, diagnosed and followed between 1975-2016. Stratified Cox Proportional Hazards models were used for all analyses. Mortality risk declined with increased age at diagnosis, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) (95% Confidence Interval) was 0.60 (0.55, 0.67) and 0.47 (0.42, 0.52) for 1-10 years and 10-19 years, respectively, when compared with infants. Caucasian patients had a lower risk of mortality than African Americans (1.21 (1.11, 1.32)). Primary tumor sites, grades, and histology showed substantial heterogeneity in mortality risk. Brainstem (2.62 (2.41, 2.85)) and Cerebrum (1.63 (1.46, 1.81)) had an elevated risk of mortality compared to lobes. Compared to low-grade glioma, high-grade glioma (7.92 (7.09, 8.85)), Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (4.72 (4.15, 5.37)), and Medulloblastoma (3.11 (2.79, 3.47)) had increased risk of mortality. County-level poverty and geographic region showed substantial variation in survival. This large study provided estimates of prognostic risk factors, with high generalizability, using 4 decades of data.