Abstract:
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In population-based genetic association studies, testing for departure from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) is commonly performed as an initial evaluation of the data. Random samples of the population, such as seen in household surveys, can avoid selection bias seen in observational studies. Several methods for HWE for household survey data have been proposed, which consider the clustering, stratification, and unequal probabilities of selection of such sample designs. Some of these methods include those proposed by Moonesinghe et al. (2010), Li and Graubard (2009), Li (2013), She et al. (2009), Li et al. (2011), and Wang et al. (2016). For this paper we review these various methods using genetic data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Of particular interest is the impact that extreme values of the sampling weights can have on the various HWE methods.
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