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Abstract Details
Activity Number:
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582
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Type:
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Contributed
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Date/Time:
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Wednesday, August 3, 2011 : 2:00 PM to 3:50 PM
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Sponsor:
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Biopharmaceutical Section
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Abstract - #301811 |
Title:
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Bounds on the Proportion of Negative Response in Cross-Over Designs with Binary Outcomes
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Author(s):
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Edwin Andong Ndum*+ and Gary L. Gadbury
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Companies:
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ACT, Inc. and Kansas State University
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Address:
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1355 Ozark Ridge, Coralville, IA, 52241,
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Keywords:
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Bounds ;
Crossover design ;
Potential outcomes ;
Probability of negative effect ;
Causal effect ;
binary outcomes
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Abstract:
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Cross-over designs allow for a subject's outcome on more than one treatment to be observed over multiple periods. However, it is impossible to measure a true individual causal effect from observed data because only one outcome response to a treatment is observable at any particular time. Often, the difference between the proportion of subjects benefiting on a new and standard treatment is interpreted as the probability that an individual will benefit on the new treatment. This interpretation can be misleading when the effects of a treatment vary widely across subjects, i.e., subject-treatment interaction is present in the population. This talk considers bounds for a nonestimable probability of negative individual effect when the average effect is positive. The potential outcomes framework is used to quantify consequences of subject-treatment interaction. Initially, we construct bounds from the crossover design, TC-CT, with binary outcomes. Subsequently, we find tighter bounds using the TC-CT-TT-CC design in which some subjects are allowed to stay on the same treatment across the two periods. Concepts are illustrated with an example.
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